![]() ![]() Keloids appear most often in the ear-lobe. Only a few locations have been known to become more prone to developing keloids. Individuals of African, Hispanic, or Asian descent appear at increased risk for the development of keloids. They have a functional, aesthetic, or psychosocial impact on patients, as highlighted by quality-of-life studies. Keloids tend to grow symptomless, but still can often cause pain or itching. Keloid tissue extends beyond the margins of the wound which distinguish it from hypertrophic lesions. Keloids are benign fibroproliferative tumors that occur as a response to any kind of injury to the skin to susceptible individuals. The treatment of keloid is tested by a big number of trials using different regimens proving the resistance nature of keloid. Monotherapy shows success with the intralesional steroid injection, but there is always a room for combination with surgical excision, or other therapies: 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), bleomycin and interferon, topical imiquimod, compression, cryotherapy, radiation, silicon sheeting and lasers or light-based therapies. ![]() Monotherapy is unable to completely flattened keloids and a combination therapy is always needed. Furthermore, this paper organized the data into monotherapy versus combined therapy.Ī literature review was conducted using PubMed and MIDLINE that included English publications trials and reviews from April 2005-June 2018. This article provides a summary and review of the medical and the surgical options available in the literature for treating keloids. There are many different medical and surgical modalities to treat keloids. Future work is being done to better understand the pathophysiology leading to keloid and hypertrophic scar formation in an effort to find preventive methods as compared to treatment strategies.Keloids are benign fibroproliferative tumors that extend beyond the original wound. Despite medical therapies and surgical excision aimed at treating the resulting scar, recurrence rate is very high for all modalities that have been studied to this point. Radiation therapy has also been used in refractory cases with mixed results. Preventive surgical closure and excision remain mainstays of treatment. Medical options that have been investigated include combinations of intralesional steroid therapy, laser therapy, and biologics. The treatments include both medical and surgical therapies that work at a biologic level and attempt to produce a cosmetic and complication-free management strategy. Patient and surgical factors contributing to the development of this condition are discussed. Keloid formation is a fibroproliferative disorder resulting in extensive production of extracellular matrix and collagen, but prevention and treatment is poorly understood. ![]() ![]() There is little discussion regarding the pathophysiology and management of this recurrent problem in orthopaedic literature. The nature and location of procedures maximize wound tension, leave foreign bodies, and diminish dermal supply, all potentiating keloid formation. Keloid and hypertrophic scar formation after orthopaedic surgical closure is a complex issue. ![]()
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